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关注：1
2013-05-23 12:21
求翻译：The earliest people who could bedescribed as "lawyers" were probably the orators of ancient Athens(see History of Athens). However, Athenian orators faced serious structuralobstacles. First, there was a rule that individuals were supposed to pleadtheir own cases, which was soon bypassed by the increasing tendency of individualsto ask a "friend" for assistance. However, around the middle of thefourth century, the Athenians disposed of the perfunctory request for afriend.[175] Second, a more serious obstacle, which the Athenian orators nevercompletely overcame, was the rule that no one could take a fee to plead thecause of another. This law was widely disregarded in practice, but was neverabolished, which meant that orators could never present themselves as legalprofessionals or experts. They had to uphold the legal fiction that they weremerely an ordinary citizen generously helping out a friend for free, and thusthey could never organize into a real profession是什么意思？ 待解决
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- 离问题结束还有
The earliest people who could bedescribed as "lawyers" were probably the orators of ancient Athens(see History of Athens). However, Athenian orators faced serious structuralobstacles. First, there was a rule that individuals were supposed to pleadtheir own cases, which was soon bypassed by the increasing tendency of individualsto ask a "friend" for assistance. However, around the middle of thefourth century, the Athenians disposed of the perfunctory request for afriend.[175] Second, a more serious obstacle, which the Athenian orators nevercompletely overcame, was the rule that no one could take a fee to plead thecause of another. This law was widely disregarded in practice, but was neverabolished, which meant that orators could never present themselves as legalprofessionals or experts. They had to uphold the legal fiction that they weremerely an ordinary citizen generously helping out a friend for free, and thusthey could never organize into a real profession
问题补充： |
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2013-05-23 12:26:38
最早可 bedescribed，如"律师"可能是古代雅典的演说的人 （见雅典历史）。然而，雅典辩才面临严重的 structuralobstacles。第一，有个人以 pleadtheir 的情况下，应该，很快就被绕过的 individualsto 增加的趋势的规则要求协助的"朋友"。然而，周围 thefourth 世纪中叶，雅典人处置可以敷衍的要求。[175] 第二，更严重的障碍，克服了雅典辩才 nevercompletely，是没有人可以采取辩护躯体的另一种收费的规则。这项法律在实践中，被广泛忽视，但是 neverabolished，这就意味着辩才可以永远不会提出自己为 legalprofessionals 或专家。他们不得不坚持法律拟制，他们 weremerely 普通公民慷慨帮助朋友免费，和 thusthey 可以将永远不会组织到真正的专业
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