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关注:1
2013-05-23 12:21
求翻译: 可见,现阶段中国房地产开发企业根本不是一种合理的企业模式,一些部门或地方把这个第三产业行业定位为国民经济的支柱产业更属失误。因为,这个皮包公司根本不存在什么生产率上升、收入弹性和产业关联等技术经济特性,也不会有什么真正意义上的创新。但是在现实中我们看到,这种不做任何物质劳动的部门反过来成了供给住房的主体,而那些真正造房子的建筑企业在开发公司的价值链不过成了一个被动的、一个不显眼的链条。这就如同在汽车这样的耐用消费品领域,如果我们有一天创造了“汽车开发商”这样一个商业模式,只要汽车开发商设法融到一笔资金,就可以以外包的方式委托汽车设计商、汽车制造商制造,成为消费者得到汽车的唯一提供商,汽车制造厂反而失去了直接面对汽车消费者的机会。房地产是一个比汽车价值更大、质量更难以判断的耐用消费品,如果让一个中间商最终负责消费者的住房权益,而真正的房屋生产者则完全依从于中间商,消费者和开发商之间在制度上缺乏一个合理的矛盾化解途径。以房屋预售制的争论为例,作为商业信用的一种形式,预售对于促进产业资金循环起着重要的促进作用。然而,房屋预售款是不是应该交给房地产开发商这个环节,而不是交给房屋的真正生产者呢?在我国,房地产开发商是房屋建设的“大业主”和“总承包商”,属于房屋生产者的上游,消费者有什么理由把预付款交给这个处于房屋生产者上游的“大业主”呢?而且从实质的意义上,消费者才是真正的“业主”和房屋制造的委托者,开发商不过是代理消费者开发的一个服务商,有什么资格要超越房屋的建设生产者而直接获得房屋预售款,并借此牟取暴利呢?消费者把预售款交给了开发商,开发商在支付了延期交付的土地出让金之后,在剩余的款项中只需要再拿出一个很小的部分支付给建筑企业,其余的部分就成了他们的超额利润;而且开发商支付给建筑企业的工程费用越少,它们获得的超额利润就越多。所以合理的解决办法是取消把预售款交给房地产开发商的预售制,建立起由建筑商开发销售房屋的预售制度,并从制度上和法律上保证房屋建设生产者对商品房屋质量的责任。是什么意思? 待解决
悬赏分:1
- 离问题结束还有
可见,现阶段中国房地产开发企业根本不是一种合理的企业模式,一些部门或地方把这个第三产业行业定位为国民经济的支柱产业更属失误。因为,这个皮包公司根本不存在什么生产率上升、收入弹性和产业关联等技术经济特性,也不会有什么真正意义上的创新。但是在现实中我们看到,这种不做任何物质劳动的部门反过来成了供给住房的主体,而那些真正造房子的建筑企业在开发公司的价值链不过成了一个被动的、一个不显眼的链条。这就如同在汽车这样的耐用消费品领域,如果我们有一天创造了“汽车开发商”这样一个商业模式,只要汽车开发商设法融到一笔资金,就可以以外包的方式委托汽车设计商、汽车制造商制造,成为消费者得到汽车的唯一提供商,汽车制造厂反而失去了直接面对汽车消费者的机会。房地产是一个比汽车价值更大、质量更难以判断的耐用消费品,如果让一个中间商最终负责消费者的住房权益,而真正的房屋生产者则完全依从于中间商,消费者和开发商之间在制度上缺乏一个合理的矛盾化解途径。以房屋预售制的争论为例,作为商业信用的一种形式,预售对于促进产业资金循环起着重要的促进作用。然而,房屋预售款是不是应该交给房地产开发商这个环节,而不是交给房屋的真正生产者呢?在我国,房地产开发商是房屋建设的“大业主”和“总承包商”,属于房屋生产者的上游,消费者有什么理由把预付款交给这个处于房屋生产者上游的“大业主”呢?而且从实质的意义上,消费者才是真正的“业主”和房屋制造的委托者,开发商不过是代理消费者开发的一个服务商,有什么资格要超越房屋的建设生产者而直接获得房屋预售款,并借此牟取暴利呢?消费者把预售款交给了开发商,开发商在支付了延期交付的土地出让金之后,在剩余的款项中只需要再拿出一个很小的部分支付给建筑企业,其余的部分就成了他们的超额利润;而且开发商支付给建筑企业的工程费用越少,它们获得的超额利润就越多。所以合理的解决办法是取消把预售款交给房地产开发商的预售制,建立起由建筑商开发销售房屋的预售制度,并从制度上和法律上保证房屋建设生产者对商品房屋质量的责任。
问题补充: |
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2013-05-23 12:26:38
Visible, China real estate enterprises at this stage is simply not a reasonable business model, some departments or local industry positioning for the tertiary industry pillar industries of the national economy more dependent errors. Because the rise in productivity in the bag what the company did not exist, the income elasticity and industry associations and other technical and economic characteristics, will not have any real innovation. But in reality we see, this makes no matter the departments of labor, in turn, became subject to supply housing, and those who truly building construction enterprises in the development of the company's value chain, but was not a passive, a prominent chain. It's like in the field of automotive consumer durable goods, such, if one day we created a "car Developer" such a business model, as long as the car developers managed to thaw a sum of money, you can delegate to a method to outsourcing car design, car manufacturers, become the only provider to consumer to get a car, car factory but lose the opportunity to directly face the automotive consumer. Real estate is a value greater than cars, more difficult to judge the quality of consumer durable goods, if a broker is ultimately responsible for the housing rights of consumers, while the real producers of housing is full compliance to the middlemen, consumers and developers in the system lack one logical contradictions and countermeasures on. The housing presale system argument, for example, as a form of trade credit, advance plays an important role in promoting industry funding cycle. However, the housing presale should give developers the link, rather than to the real producers of housing? In China, real estate developer of housing construction is "owners" and "General contractors", belonging to the House producers upstream, consumers have any reason to advance to the upper reaches of the in house producer of "Developer"? But in real sense, the consumer is the real "landlord" and the person who commissioned the manufacture of housing developers is just proxy consumers, developed by the service provider, what are the qualifications to go beyond the producer obtained directly for the construction of housing for housing presale and seize this profiteering? Consumers give advance to the developers, developers in the payment of deferred delivery after land transfer payment, only the remaining money need to come up with a very small part paid to construction enterprises, rest becomes their justified and developer paid to construction enterprises cost less, they get, the more justified. So a reasonable solution is to remove to the presale-advance sale of real estate developers, building development sales of housing presale system builders, and institutionally and legally guaranteed producer responsibility for goods quality of housing construction.
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